LAXMIKANT POLITY BOOK NOTES PART 1
REGULATING ACT 1773
🔸️ Governor of Bengal will now be Governor-General of Bengal.
🔸️ Created an Executive Council of 4 members to assist him.
🔸️ First Governor General was Warren Hastings.
🔸️Establishment of Supreme court in Calcutta. Comprising 1 CJI and 3 other Judges.
🔸️Prohibited the Servants from engaging in any Private Trades and taking Bribes from Natives.
🔸️ Court of Directors will report about the functioning of EIC to Government.
📌 AMENDING ACT 1781.
🔸️This act was passed to rectify the defects of Regulating act of 1773.
🔸️ It exempted Governor-General and the council from the jurisdiction of Supreme court.
🔸️ It excluded the Revenue matters from the Jurisdiction of Supreme court.
🔸️ It provided that Supreme court will Have jurisdiction all over Calcutta.
🔸️ Appeals from Provincial court could be taken to Governor-General-in-council and not to Supreme court.
🔸️ Governor general now empowered to frame regulations for Provincial courts and council.
📌 CHARTER ACT 1813.
🔸️ Company's trade monopoly abolished except its monopoly over trade in Tea and Trade with china.
🔸️ It's asserted Crown's Sovereignty over Company.
🔸️ Christian missionaries allowed in India.
🔸️ Spread of Western education allowed.
🔸️ Local Govt. can now impose Taxes on Persons. Can also punish for not paying Taxes.
📌 CHARTER ACT 1833
🔸️ It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor- General of India and vested in him all civil and military powers.
🔸️ It deprived the Governor of Bombay and Madras of their legislative powers.
🔸️ It ended the activities of the East India Company as a commercial body, which became a purely administrative
body.
🔸️ The Charter Act of 1833 attempted to introduce a system of open competition for selection of civil servants and stated that the Indians should not be debarred from holding any place, office and employment under the Company.
📌 CHARTER ACT OF 1853.
🔸️ Seperated Legislative and Executive functions of Governor-General's council.
🔸️ It provided for Addition of Six new members to the Council.
🔸️ It introduced open Competition for Selection and recruitment of Civil servants.
🔸️ Extended Company's rule of Indian possession on behalf of British Govt. But did not specify any particular period.
🔸️ It introduced Local representation in Indian (central) Legislative Council.
🔸️ Of 6 new members 4 members appointed by Local Governments of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, and Agra.
